2021年，當(dāng)時(shí)還是亞馬遜CEO的貝佐斯做了一個(gè)“激流勇退”的決定。

他宣布即將卸任CEO的職務(wù)，消息一出，令眾人都感到驚訝，畢竟當(dāng)時(shí)亞馬遜正值巔峰，也被認(rèn)為是世界上最成功的公司之一。

貝佐斯的這個(gè)決定也充分說(shuō)明，他對(duì)亞馬遜的高管團(tuán)隊(duì)很有信心，也對(duì)自己一手塑造的企業(yè)文化很有信心。

在貝佐斯執(zhí)掌亞馬遜的26年中，他建立了許多原則和觀點(diǎn)，也被認(rèn)為是亞馬遜成功的基石，后來(lái)發(fā)展成14條“領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力原則”，并且需要每個(gè)員工進(jìn)行考核測(cè)試。

這14條“領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力原則”，如今也被各大頂級(jí)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)企業(yè)所借鑒和實(shí)踐。

以下是亞馬遜的14條領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力原則，enjoy：

01癡迷客戶

Customer Obsession

簡(jiǎn)而言之，客戶永遠(yuǎn)是第一位的，不管發(fā)生什么。

這一點(diǎn)超越了所有的職責(zé)要求。從客戶的角度出發(fā)、為客戶犧牲自己的利益，實(shí)際上是說(shuō)，你要愿意承擔(dān)損失以便讓客戶獲利，哪怕是違背你自己的使用條款或政策。 如果你知道自己犯了錯(cuò)，要主動(dòng)考慮退款，也就是說(shuō)，要在客戶要求之前作出補(bǔ)償。

Leaders start with the customer and work backwards. They work vigorously to earn and keep customer trust. Although leaders pay attention to competitors, they obsess over customers.

02主人翁精神

Ownership

領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者是主人翁。他們會(huì)從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)考慮，不會(huì)為了短期業(yè)績(jī)而犧牲長(zhǎng)期價(jià)值。他們不僅僅代表自己的團(tuán)隊(duì)，而且代表整個(gè)公司行事。他們絕不會(huì)說(shuō)“那不是我的工作”。

主人翁精神意味著兩件事：（1）總是優(yōu)先考慮長(zhǎng)期目標(biāo)，而不是短期目標(biāo)；（2）始終代表團(tuán)隊(duì)和整個(gè)公司行事，一切都是“你的工作”。

Leaders are owners. They think long term and don"t sacrifice long-term value for short-term results. They act on behalf of the entire company, beyond just their own team. They never say "that"s not my job.

03創(chuàng)新與簡(jiǎn)化

Invent & simplify

領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者期望并要求自己的團(tuán)隊(duì)進(jìn)行創(chuàng)新和發(fā)明，并始終尋求使工作簡(jiǎn)化的方法。他們了解外界動(dòng)態(tài)，從各處尋找新的創(chuàng)意，并且不局限于“非我發(fā)明”的觀念。

當(dāng)我們開(kāi)展新事物時(shí)，我們要接受被長(zhǎng)期誤解的可能。成功的關(guān)鍵是保持簡(jiǎn)單，為此，需要不斷創(chuàng)新。

Leaders expect and require innovation and invention from their teams and always find ways to simplify. They are externally aware, look for new ideas from everywhere, and are not limited by "not invented here." As we do new things, we accept that we may be misunderstood for long periods of time.

04正確決策

Are Right, A Lot

領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者在大多數(shù)情況下都能做出正確的決定。他們擁有卓越的業(yè)務(wù)判斷能力和敏銳的直覺(jué)。這個(gè)原則應(yīng)該被理解為“領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者要正確決策”。

它說(shuō)的不僅僅是不犯錯(cuò)誤，而是要有全局觀，在必要時(shí)能夠并且愿意180度轉(zhuǎn)變態(tài)度。

Leaders are right a lot. They have strong business judgment and good instincts.

05好奇求知

Learn and Be Curious

領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者從不停止學(xué)習(xí)，并不斷尋找機(jī)會(huì)以提升自己。領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者對(duì)各種可能性充滿好奇并付于行動(dòng)加以探索。

這項(xiàng)原則可以說(shuō)是不言而喻。領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者必須時(shí)刻努力吸收更多的知識(shí)，進(jìn)行自我提升。

Leaders are never done learning and always seek to improve themselves. They are curious about new possibilities and act to explore them.

06選賢育能

Hire and Develop the Best

領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者不斷提升招聘和晉升員工的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。他們表彰杰出的人才，并樂(lè)于在組織中通過(guò)輪崗磨礪他們。青出于藍(lán)，冰源于水，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者培養(yǎng)的也是領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者，而且他們嚴(yán)肅地對(duì)待自己育才樹(shù)人的職責(zé)。

這一點(diǎn)也是顯而易見(jiàn)，但除了要確保提高雇傭標(biāo)準(zhǔn)外，更重要是，確定雇傭關(guān)系后，你要不斷地培養(yǎng)員工，使他們發(fā)揮發(fā)揮出最高潛力。

Leaders raise the performance bar with every hire and promotion. They recognize exceptional talent and willingly move them throughout the organization. Leaders develop leaders and take seriously their role in coaching others.

07最高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

Insist on the Highest Standards

領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者有著近乎嚴(yán)苛的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)——這些標(biāo)準(zhǔn)在很多人看來(lái)可能高得不可理喻。領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者不斷提高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，激勵(lì)自己的團(tuán)隊(duì)提供優(yōu)質(zhì)產(chǎn)品、服務(wù)和流程。領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者會(huì)確保任何問(wèn)題不會(huì)蔓延，及時(shí)徹底解決問(wèn)題并確保問(wèn)題不再出現(xiàn)。

偉大的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者總是在提高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，創(chuàng)造最優(yōu)質(zhì)的產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)。

Leaders have relentlessly high standards — many people may think these standards are unreasonably high. Leaders are continually raising the bar and driving their teams to deliver high quality products, services, and processes. Leaders ensure that defects do not get sent down the line and that problems are fixed so they stay fixed.

08遠(yuǎn)見(jiàn)卓識(shí)

Think Big

局限性思考只能帶來(lái)局限性的結(jié)果。領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者大膽提出并闡明大局策略，由此激發(fā)良好的成果。他們要為客戶著想，從不同的角度思考問(wèn)題，探索各種可能性。

Thinking small is a self-fulfilling prophecy. Leaders create and communicate a bold direction that inspires results. They think differently and look around corners for ways to serve customers.

09積極行動(dòng)

Bias for Action

做生意，速度至關(guān)重要。許多決定和行動(dòng)是可逆的，不需要大量的研究，我們要重視有計(jì)劃的冒險(xiǎn)。

這項(xiàng)原則的原理在于，由于多數(shù)錯(cuò)誤并非不可挽回，所以冒險(xiǎn)犯錯(cuò)也無(wú)可厚非。因此，偉大的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者要積極行動(dòng)：快速前進(jìn)，而非被分析捆住了手腳，裹足不前。

Speed matters in business. Many decisions and actions are reversible and do not need extensive study. We value calculated risk taking.的22分121010

10勤儉節(jié)約

Frugality

力爭(zhēng)以更少的投入實(shí)現(xiàn)更大的產(chǎn)出。勤儉節(jié)約可以讓我們開(kāi)動(dòng)腦筋、自給自足并不斷創(chuàng)新。增加人力、預(yù)算以及固定支出并不會(huì)為你贏得額外加分。

這條普遍適用于所有創(chuàng)業(yè)公司創(chuàng)始人：不能毫無(wú)節(jié)制地花錢(qián)。基本上，就是用最少的錢(qián)干最多的事，在投入最小化的同時(shí)做到產(chǎn)出的最大化。

Accomplish more with less. Constraints breed resourcefulness, self-sufficiency and invention. There are no extra points for growing headcount, budget size or fixed expense.

11贏得信任

Earn Trust of Others

領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者專(zhuān)注傾聽(tīng)，坦誠(chéng)溝通，尊重他人。領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者敢于自我批評(píng)，即便這樣做會(huì)令自己尷尬或難堪。他們并不認(rèn)為自己或其團(tuán)隊(duì)總是對(duì)的。領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者會(huì)以最佳領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者和團(tuán)隊(duì)為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來(lái)要求自己及其團(tuán)隊(duì)。

Leaders listen attentively, speak candidly, and treat others respectfully. They are vocally self-critical, even when doing so is awkward or embarrassing. Leaders do not believe their or their team’s body odor smells of perfume. They benchmark themselves and their teams against the best.

12刨根問(wèn)底

Dive Deep

領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者深入各個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)，隨時(shí)掌控細(xì)節(jié)，并經(jīng)常進(jìn)行審核。不遺漏任何工作。數(shù)據(jù)才是最重要的。當(dāng)數(shù)據(jù)和感覺(jué)不一致時(shí)，可以質(zhì)疑，但要相信數(shù)據(jù)。

Leaders operate at all levels, stay connected to the details, audit frequently, and are skeptical when metrics and anecdote differ. No task is beneath them.

13敢于諫言 服從大局

Have Backbone;Disagree and Commit

領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者有義務(wù)挑戰(zhàn)他們不認(rèn)同的決定，即使這樣做會(huì)讓人不舒服。領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者要有信念，有韌性。他們不會(huì)為了凝聚力而妥協(xié)，一旦決定下來(lái)，他們就會(huì)全身心投入。

Leaders are obligated to respectfully challenge decisions when they disagree, even when doing so is uncomfortable or exhausting. Leaders have conviction and are tenacious. They do not compromise for the sake of social cohesion. Once a decision is determined, they commit wholly.

14交付成果

Deliver Results

領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者專(zhuān)注于業(yè)務(wù)的關(guān)鍵投入，并以滿意的質(zhì)量和及時(shí)的時(shí)間交付。并且無(wú)論出現(xiàn)什么情況，總要找到方法克服一切困難。

Leaders focus on the key inputs for their business and deliver them with the right quality and in a timely fashion. Despite setbacks, they rise to the occasion and never settle.

以上就是亞馬遜的14條領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力原則，如果你能真正理解和內(nèi)化，一定會(huì)對(duì)你有所受益。

本文來(lái)自微信公眾號(hào)“晏濤三壽”（ID：yantao-219），作者：晏濤，36氪經(jīng)授權(quán)發(fā)布。

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