(相關(guān)資料圖)

《孫子兵法》是中國(guó)現(xiàn)存最早的兵書(shū)，也是世界上最早的軍事著作，被譽(yù)為“兵學(xué)圣典”。共有六千字左右，一共十三篇。（1 始計(jì)篇；2 作戰(zhàn)篇；3 謀攻篇；4 軍形篇；5 兵勢(shì)篇；6 虛實(shí)篇；7 軍爭(zhēng)篇；8 九變篇；9 行軍篇；10 地形篇；11 九地篇；12 火攻篇；13 用間篇）內(nèi)容涵蓋國(guó)家戰(zhàn)略、軍事戰(zhàn)略、治軍理念、戰(zhàn)斗戰(zhàn)術(shù)。

孫子曰：凡治眾如治寡，分?jǐn)?shù)是也；斗眾如斗寡，形名是也；三軍之眾，可使必受敵而無(wú)敗者，奇正是也；兵之所加，如以碫投卵者，虛實(shí)是也。

治理大軍團(tuán)就象治理小部隊(duì)一樣有效，是依靠合理的組織、結(jié)構(gòu)、編制；指揮大軍團(tuán)作戰(zhàn)就象指揮小部隊(duì)作戰(zhàn)一樣到位，是依靠明確、高效的信號(hào)指揮系統(tǒng)；整個(gè)部隊(duì)與敵對(duì)抗而不會(huì)失敗，是依靠正確運(yùn)用“奇正”的變化：攻擊敵軍，如同用石頭砸雞蛋一樣容易，關(guān)鍵在于以實(shí)擊虛。

Sun Tzu said: The control of a large force is the same in principle as the control of a few men: it is merely a question of dividing up their numbers.

Fighting with a large army under your command is nowise different from fighting with a small one: it is merely a question of instituting signs and signals.

To ensure that your whole host may withstand the brunt of the enemy"s attack and remain unshaken — this is effected by manuvres direct and indirect.

That the impact of your army may be like a grindstone dashed against an egg — this is effected by the science of weak points and strong.

maneuver [m??n?v?r]

美

英 [m??nu?v?(r)] 演習(xí)；謹(jǐn)慎或熟練的動(dòng)作；巧計(jì)；有技巧地引導(dǎo)；用計(jì)得到；策略；調(diào)動(dòng)；機(jī)動(dòng)；

凡戰(zhàn)者，以正合，以奇勝。故善出奇者，無(wú)窮如天地，不竭如江海。終而復(fù)始，日月是也。死而更生，四時(shí)是也。聲不過(guò)五，五聲之變，不可勝聽(tīng)也；色不過(guò)五，五色之變，不可勝觀也；味不過(guò)五，五味之變，不可勝?lài)L也；戰(zhàn)勢(shì)不過(guò)奇正，奇正之變，不可勝窮也。奇正相生，如循環(huán)之無(wú)端，孰能窮之哉！

大凡作戰(zhàn)，都是以正兵作正面交戰(zhàn)，而用奇兵去出奇制勝。善于運(yùn)用奇兵的人，其戰(zhàn)法的變化就象天地運(yùn)行一樣無(wú)窮無(wú)盡，象江海一樣永不枯竭。象日月運(yùn)行一樣，終而復(fù)始；與四季更迭一樣，去而復(fù)來(lái)。宮、商、角、徵、羽不過(guò)五音，然而五音的組合變化，永遠(yuǎn)也聽(tīng)不完；紅、黃、藍(lán)、白、黑不過(guò)五色，但五種色調(diào)的組合變化，永遠(yuǎn)看不完；酸、甜、苦、辣、咸不過(guò)五味，而五種味道的組合變化，永遠(yuǎn)也嘗不完。戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中軍事實(shí)力的運(yùn)用不過(guò)“奇”、“正”兩種，而“奇”、“正”的組合變化，永遠(yuǎn)無(wú)窮無(wú)盡。奇正相生、相互轉(zhuǎn)化，就好比圓環(huán)旋繞，無(wú)始無(wú)終，誰(shuí)能窮盡呢。

In all fighting, the direct method may be used for joining battle, but indirect methods will be needed in order to secure victory.

Indirect tactics, efficiently applied, are inexhaustible as Heaven and Earth, unending as the flow of rivers and streams; like the sun and moon, they end but to begin anew; like the four seasons, they pass away to return once more.

There are not more than five musical notes, yet the combinations of these five give rise to more melodies than can ever be heard.

There are not more than five primary colours, yet in combination they produce more hues than can ever been seen.

There are not more than five cardinal tastes, yet combinations of them yield more flavours than can ever be tasted.

In battle, there are not more than two methods of attack — the direct and the indirect; yet these two in combination give rise to an endless series of manuvres.

The direct and the indirect lead on to each other in turn. It is like moving in a circle — you never come to an end. Who can exhaust the possibilities of their combination?

激水之疾，至于漂石者，勢(shì)也；鷙鳥(niǎo)之疾，至于毀折者，節(jié)也。是故善戰(zhàn)者，其勢(shì)險(xiǎn)，其節(jié)短。勢(shì)如彍弩，節(jié)如發(fā)機(jī)。紛紛紜紜，斗亂而不可亂也；渾渾沌沌，形圓而不可敗也。亂生于治，怯生于勇，弱生于強(qiáng)。治亂，數(shù)也；勇怯，勢(shì)也；強(qiáng)弱，形也。

湍急的流水所以能漂動(dòng)大石，是因?yàn)槭顾a(chǎn)生巨大沖擊力的勢(shì)能；猛禽搏擊雀鳥(niǎo)，一舉可致對(duì)手于死地，是因?yàn)樗莆樟俗钣欣诒l(fā)沖擊力的時(shí)空位置，節(jié)奏迅猛。所以善于作戰(zhàn)的指揮者，他所造成的態(tài)勢(shì)是險(xiǎn)峻的，進(jìn)攻的節(jié)奏是短促有力的?！皠?shì)險(xiǎn)”就如同滿弓待發(fā)的弩那樣蓄勢(shì)，“節(jié)短”正如搏動(dòng)弩機(jī)那樣突然。旌旗紛紛，人馬紜紜，雙方混戰(zhàn)，戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)上事態(tài)萬(wàn)端，但自己的指揮、組織、陣腳不能亂；混混沌噸，迷迷蒙蒙，兩軍攪作一團(tuán)，但勝利在我把握之中。雙方交戰(zhàn)，一方之亂，是因?yàn)閷?duì)方治軍更嚴(yán)整：一方怯懦，是因?yàn)閷?duì)方更勇敢；一方弱小，是因?yàn)閷?duì)方更強(qiáng)大。軍隊(duì)治理有序或者混亂，在于其組織編制；士兵勇敢或者膽怯，在于部隊(duì)所營(yíng)造的態(tài)勢(shì)和聲勢(shì)；軍力強(qiáng)大或者弱小，在于部隊(duì)日常訓(xùn)練所造就的內(nèi)在實(shí)力。

The onsetof troops is like the rush of a torrent which will even roll stones along in its course.

The quality of decision is like the well-timedswoopof a falconwhich enables it to strike and destroy its victim.

Therefore the good fighter will be terrible in his onset, and prompt in his decision.

Energy may be likened to the bending of a crossbow; decision, to the releasing of a trigger.

Amid the turmoil and tumult of battle, there may be seeming disorder and yet no real disorder at all; amid confusion and chaos, your array may be without head or tail, yet it will be proof against defeat.

Simulateddisorder postulates perfect discipline; simulated fear postulates courage; simulated weakness postulates strength.

Hiding order beneath the cloak of disorder is simply a question of subdivision; concealing courage under a show of timidity presupposes a fund of latent energy; masking strength with weakness is to be effected by tactical dispositions.

onset ["?n.set] 發(fā)生；開(kāi)始；攻擊；發(fā)作；

well-timed 時(shí)機(jī)正好的；合拍的；適時(shí)的；正合時(shí)宜的；及時(shí)的；

swoop [swup] 俯沖；突然襲擊；突擊搜查；突然行動(dòng)；

falcon ["f?lk?n] 隼；獵鷹；

simulated ["s?mj?.le?t?d] 假裝的；仿造的；模擬的

postulate [?p?st???le?t] 假設(shè)；基本原理；〈正式〉先決條件；前提；假設(shè)；〈正式〉假定；提出要求；〈罕〉【法】辯護(hù)；公設(shè)；公理；設(shè)定；

故善動(dòng)敵者，形之，敵必從之；予之，敵必取之。以利動(dòng)之，以卒待之。故善戰(zhàn)者，求之于勢(shì)，不責(zé)于人，故能擇人而任勢(shì)。任勢(shì)者，其戰(zhàn)人也，如轉(zhuǎn)木石。木石之性，安則靜，危則動(dòng)，方則止，圓則行。

善于調(diào)動(dòng)敵軍的人，向敵軍展示一種或真或假的軍情，敵軍必然據(jù)此判斷而跟從；給予敵軍一點(diǎn)實(shí)際利益作為誘餌，敵軍必然趨利而來(lái)，從而聽(tīng)我調(diào)動(dòng)。一方面用這些辦法調(diào)動(dòng)敵軍，一方面要嚴(yán)陣以待。

所以，善戰(zhàn)者追求形成有利的“勢(shì)”，而不是苛求士兵，因而能選擇人才去適應(yīng)和利用已形成的“勢(shì)”。善于創(chuàng)造有利“勢(shì)”的將領(lǐng)，指揮部隊(duì)作戰(zhàn)就象轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)木頭和石頭。木石的性情是處于平坦地勢(shì)上就靜止不動(dòng)，處于陡峭的斜坡上就滾動(dòng)，方形容易靜止，圓形容易滾動(dòng)。

Thus one who is skillful at keeping the enemy on the move maintains deceitful appearances, according to which the enemy will act. He sacrifices something, that the enemy may snatch at it.

By holding out baits, he keeps him on the march; then with a body of picked men he lies in wait for him.

The clever combatantlooks to the effect of combined energy, and does not require too much from individuals. Hence his ability to pick out the right men and to utilise combined energy.

When he utilises combined energy, his fighting men become as it were like unto rolling logs or stones. For it is the nature of a log or stone to remain motionless on level ground, and to move when on a slope; if four-cornered, to come to a standstill, but if roundshaped, to go rolling down.

combatant 美 [k?m"b?t(?)nt] 英 ["k?mb?t?nt] 參戰(zhàn)者；戰(zhàn)斗人員；戰(zhàn)士；(參加)戰(zhàn)斗的；好斗的；戰(zhàn)斗員；格斗者；爭(zhēng)斗者；

故善戰(zhàn)人之勢(shì)，如轉(zhuǎn)圓石于千仞之山者，勢(shì)也。

所以，善于指揮打仗的人所造就的“勢(shì)”，就象讓圓石從極高極陡的山上滾下來(lái)一樣，來(lái)勢(shì)兇猛。這就是所謂的“勢(shì)”。

Thus the energy developed by good fighting men is as the momentum of a round stone rolled down a mountain thousands of feet in height. So much on the subject of energy.

-End-

關(guān)鍵詞： 孫子兵法 奇正相生 無(wú)窮無(wú)盡